Networking Interview Questions & Answer with Explanation (Part-1)

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Networking Interview Questions 1-21

1.     Difference between FTP & SFTP

FTP

SFTP

File Transfer Protocol

SSH File Transfer Protocol

Non Secure (Plain text)

Secure (Encrypted)

20, 21

22

TCP/IP based

SSH based

 

2.     Difference between Telnet & SSH.

Telnet

SSH

Non Secure

Secure

Difficult to decrypt

No data encryption

23

22

 

For Details of Question no 1-2 watch this video.

 


3.     Difference between HTTP & HTTPS

Types

HTTP

HTTPs

URL

http://

https://

Security

Unsecure

Enhanced security

Port

80

443

OSI Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer

TLS Certificates

No

Yes

Domain Validation

Not required

Required + Legal validation

Encryption

No

yes

 

For Details of Question no 3 watch this video.


 

4.     Difference between IMAP & SMTP.

IMAP

SMTP

It is used for retrieving emails.

It is used for sending emails.

The Port number used for IMAP is 143 and 993.

The Port number used for SMTP is 25 and 465.

 

5.     Difference between TCP & UDP.

TCP

UDP

Slower than UDP

Faster than TCP

Reliable

Unreliable

 

For Details of 4-5 no. Question watch this video.


 

6.     Difference between Router & Switch.

Router

Switch

Network Layer Device

Data-Link Layer Device

Note: Multilayer Switch works at both Network & Data-Link

Routing capable

Not Routing capable

Works with IP address

Works with MAC Address

DO not work VLAN

Works with VLAN

Capable for NAT

Not capable for NAT

Maximum Port – 2/4/8

Port – 16/24/48

 

For Details of Question no 6 watch this video.


 

7.     What is DNS? 4 public DNS server names and IP.

Ans: DNS (Domain Name System) lets users connect to websites using domain names instead of IP addresses. DNS is a Process that resolve Name to IP & Vice –versa.

     2 Types of DNS Query

1.     Recursive Query: Query to self > this query store in “hosts”

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

We can see this file with command: ipconfig  /displaydns

We can flush DNS with: ipconfig /flushdns

 

2.     Iterative Query: Query to outside the host. it refers the DNS client to the Root Server, or another Authoritative Name Server which is nearest to the required DNS zone.

 

4 public DNS servers Name & IP

Company

IP-Address

Google

8.8.8.8

8.8.4.4

Cloudflare

1.1.1.1

Quad9

9.9.9.9

OpenDNS (Cisco)

208.67.222.222

208.67.220.220

 

For Details of Question no 7 watch this video.

 


8.     Write the command of telnet  & SSH configuration.

Telnet

SSH

enable password cisco

username itbd password itbd

line vty 0 1

login local

enable password cisco

username itbd password itbd

line vty 0 1

login local

hostname SSH-Server

ip domain-name itbd.tech

crypto key generate rsa

 

9.     Create a DHCP pool for 172.16.0.0/20 Network, where client’s gateway will be the last IP of the given network.

DHCP Pool

Ip dhcp  pool  172-Net

Network  172.16.0.0  255.255.248.0

Default-router  172.16.15.254

Dns-server 8.8.8.8

 

 

 

10. Write the command of DHCP relay agent on port f0/2.

DHCP relay agent

Int f0/2

Ip helper-address 172.16.1.1   Note:  [172.16.1.1 is the DHCP Server’s IP]

 

11. Set an IP address – 10.10.10.1/29  on a g0/1 interface in cisco router.

Setting IP address in cisco router

Int g0/1

Ip add 10.10.10.1  255.255.255.248

No shutdown

 

12. Set an IP address – 10.10.10.1/29  on a g0/1 interface in mikrotik router.

Setting IP address on mikrotik interface.

Ip address  add  address=10.10.10.1/29   interface=ether-1 disable=no

 

13. Set an IP address – 10.10.10.1/29  on a sub-interface of g0/1 in cisco router.

Setting IP address on a sub-interface of cisco router.

Int g0/1

No shutdown

Int g0/1.10

encapsulation dot1q  10

ip add 10.10.10.1  255.255.255.248

 

14. Set an IP address – 10.10.10.1/29  on  vlan-10 interface   in cisco switch.

Setting IP address on vlan interface in cisco switch.

Int  vlan-10

Ip add 10.10.10.1  255.255.255.248

 

For Details of Question no 8-14 watch this video.

 


15. What is CDP?

Ans: CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that is used for collecting directly connected neighbor device information like hardware, software, device name details.

CDP Commands

show cdp neighbors         (views neighbor devices)

show cdp entry  *             (views neighbor devices list)

cdp run                             (Enables CDP globally on device.)

cdp enable                        (Enables CDP on an interface device)

cdp timer <seconds>        (Specifies CDP packets transmission frequency.

Default 60 sec.)

 

For Details of Question no 15 watch this video.


 

16. Set a virtual IP address – 10.10.10.1/29  & set priority 200 on a g0/1 interface in cisco router.

Setting virtual IP address

Int g0/1

Standby 1 ip  10.10.10.1

Standby 1 priority  200

Standby 1 preempt

 

17. Secure the interface of f0/1 in cisco switch.

Secure an interface

Int f0/1

Switchport mode access

Switchport  port-security

Switchport  port-security  maximum 1

Switchport  port-security mac-address sticky / Manually MAC

Switchport  port-security violation shutdown/protect/restrict

 

18. Configure the port f0/2 as a trunk port of cisco switch. Write the command to see the trunk port.

Configuring trunk port in cisco switch

Int f0/2

Switchport mode trunk

Show interface trunk

 

19. Configure the port f0/1 as an access port of cisco switch. Write the command to see the VLANs.

Configuring access port in cisco switch.

Int f0/1

Switchport mode access

Show interface vlan brief

 

20. Configure the trunk port – f0/1 of Multilayer-Switch.

Configure the trunk port – f0/1 of Multilayer-Switch.

Int f0/1

switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

 

21. Configure specific VLANs (10,20,40) in a trunk port.

Configuring specific VLANs on a trunk port

Int f0/1

switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,40

switchport trunk allowed vlan add 50         (Adding Vlan with existing list)

switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 50   (Removing Vlan from list)

switchport trunk allowed vlan except 40     (Except a vlan in trunk port)

 

For Details of Question no 16-21 watch this video.

    

                                                                                            For more Questions see next post.



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